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#Moderators comprehensive meta analysis download
Example data set (click here to download excel file with this data)Ĭonsider Table 1, which provides the results from k = 16 studies examining the effectiveness of massage therapy for reducing state anxiety. The goal is then to highlight those methods that currently represent best practices. However, the statistical methods that should be used for a meta-analysis are constantly being improved and extended. Again, several books deal extensively with this topic (e.g., Hedges & Olkin, 1985 Cooper & Hedges, 1994) and a single chapter cannot replace these references.
#Moderators comprehensive meta analysis how to
Instead, the present chapter is meant to provide some guidelines on how to conduct the statistical analysis, once the first three steps have been completed. For the purposes this chapter, we will assume that these steps have already been completed. The majority of the time and effort will typically be spent on the first three stages, which are briefly outlined in Chapter XX and elsewhere. One can roughly break the process of a meta-analysis down into five stages (Cooper, 1998): (a) problem formulation, (b) data collection, (c) data evaluation, (d) analysis and interpretation, and (e) presentation of results. Examining these hypotheses is difficult when conducting a traditional narrative literature review, but such moderator analyses constitute an integral and important aspects of a meta-analysis (Lau, Ioannidis, & Schmid, 1998 Thompson, 1994). For example, it is conceivable that the effectiveness of a treatment observed in a particular study depends on the treatment duration or intensity (e.g., the length of the psychotherapy or the medication dosage), the characteristics of the sample, the study setting, or the type of outcome measure used.
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Social policy decisions and best practices various fields are increasingly influenced not by the results from single isolated studies, but by the findings from meta-analyses (Cook, et al., 1992).Ī meta-analysis not only helps to determine whether a particular treatment is actually effective or whether there is indeed an association between variables, but also allows the reviewer to examine whether the treatment effectiveness or relationship strength is influenced by the characteristics of the studies. Meta-analysis is a quantitative methodology for leveraging the proliferation of published research to more scientifically and comprehensively synthesize bodies of research ( e.g., Chalmers, Hedges, & Cooper, 2002). Analysis of Moderator Effects in Meta-Analysis Analysis of Moderator Effects in Meta-Analysis Chapter 31.
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Findings from the current meta-analysis expanded an avenue for future research to determine facilitators of therapeutic outcomes in trauma populations, as well as clinical factors affecting such processes.Chapter 31. Heterogeneity issues among included studies were addressed. Trauma type, study type, and time since the traumatic event were significant moderators of all the above relationships of posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic stress indicated the small effect sizes. Emotion regulation and religious or spiritual coping yielded moderate effect sizes. Event centrality showed the largest effect sizes. Results from 56 studies (N = 20,132) revealed that all four factors are positively related to posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic stress, event centrality, emotion regulation, and religious or spiritual coping and their actual relationships with posttraumatic growth were examined along with some potential moderators. Therefore, the current meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding on the important associated factors of posttraumatic growth. However, it still remains unclear whether and how these relationships are facilitated. There has also been an increasing number of individual studies on posttraumatic growth and its associated factors. During the past 20 years, posttraumatic growth has been recognized and emphasized to promote physical and psychological health after life-threatening events.